Objectives of the activity, rational & justification, expected outcomes: The aim of this concept note to have a consultant that can contribute in developing Malaria Strategic plan 2021 – 2025 that suit prevailing of Sudan and subsequently in strategic technically sound way contribute to reduction of disease morbidity and mortality according SDG and GTS milestones. Since the 2016 survey, the NMCP of Sudan has undertaken several measures to increase coverage of interventions and reduce the use of Artemisinin monotherapies for uncomplicated malaria. The protective efficacy of ITNs against malaria has long been established. The main interventions taken universal coverage by Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN), and Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), supported by indoor residual spraying of insecticide (IRS) in agricultural Schemes and Larval Source Management (LSM) in urban setting. In Sudan substantial increase in the coverage of key malaria interventions same to that in Africa region following global movement for Scale up for Impact (SUFI) and establishment of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria (GFATM) in 2002 where considerable investments have been put into the scaling up of malaria control intervention. Higher prevalence was reported among population of lowest, second and middle quintiles. The prevalence among camps population tripled that among urban population and double that among rural residence. Khartoum, River Nile, Northern, White Nile and Red Sea states reported a prevalence of less than 1%. Central Darfur reported the highest prevalence in this survey (21.8%) followed by South Kordofan (14.4%) and Blue Nile (12.1%). Prevalence varies between states (Figure 2). During the period 2005 - 2009 – 2012 – 2016 malaria prevalence dropped from 3.7% to 1.8% and then in 20 increased to 3.3, 5.9 According to MIS 2016, the overall parasite prevalence was 5.9% (95% CI: 5.7% - 6.2%). Reported Malaria cases were reduced from 4.3 million in 2000 to 1,562,821 in 2017 (165/1000 Pop to 38/1000 Pop) respectively (FMoH AHSR 2014) in spite there dappled increase in to 3,581,302. While the urban settings has long transmission periods which extend throughout the year due to broken water pipes and unsafe water saving practices clear cut example of manmade malaria.ĭue to the unstable and seasonal pattern of malaria transmission, the protective immunity of the population is generally low, and all age groups are at risk of infection and disease. Long transmission season may take up to 9 months in irrigated schemes areas. Malaria transmission exhibits a seasonal and unstable pattern in Sudan, and depends on rainfall except in urban settings and irrigated schemes. The transmission is relatively high in some States, while there are some States with very low transmission, susceptibility to epidemics following heavy rains or floods from River Nile or its tributaries. It is has been estimated that approximately all of the Sudan population are considered to be at risk of malaria with low – moderate transmission. In Sudan Malaria is a priority health problem. Most malaria cases in 2018 were in the World Health Organization (WHO) African Region (213 million or 93%), followed by the WHO South-East Asia Region with 3.4% of the cases and the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region with 2.1%. In 2000, it was estimated that there were 228 million cases of malaria globally (95% confidence interval : 206–258 million), compared with 251 million cases in 2010 (95% CI: 231–278 million) and 231 million cases in 2017 (95% CI: 211–259 million) this led to 405,000 deaths. There were large reductions in the number of malaria cases and deaths between 20.
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